Carga Cognitiva y tu Entorno de Desarrollo

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Hay mucha información disponible sobre cómo reducir la carga cognitiva para los usuarios, pero ¿qué hay de los desarrolladores? Esta charla cubrirá la Teoría de la Carga Cognitiva, cómo algunas discapacidades la afectan y cómo diseñar un entorno de desarrollo en torno a ella.

This talk has been presented at TechLead Conference 2024, check out the latest edition of this Tech Conference.

Abbey Perini
Abbey Perini
19 min
15 Jun, 2024

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Video Summary and Transcription

La carga cognitiva es la cantidad de memoria disponible y los recursos cognitivos que una persona tiene, y la sobrecarga cognitiva ocurre cuando la carga supera lo que se puede sostener. Varios factores, incluyendo discapacidades y factores externos como el estrés, pueden afectar la carga cognitiva. El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) y el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) afectan la carga cognitiva de manera diferente, y el diseño instruccional puede ayudar a reducir la carga cognitiva para las personas con estas condiciones. Comprender la complejidad cognitiva en el código, optimizar el entorno de desarrollo y minimizar las distracciones son importantes para gestionar la carga cognitiva. Realizar múltiples tareas aumenta la carga cognitiva, y utilizar sistemas organizativos, automatización y aprendizaje constante puede ayudar a mitigar la carga cognitiva y mejorar la productividad.

1. Cognitive Load and Development Environment

Short description:

Hola, mi nombre es Abby y hoy quiero hablarles sobre la carga cognitiva y su entorno de desarrollo. La carga cognitiva es básicamente la carga de pensamiento, la cantidad de memoria disponible y los recursos cognitivos que tienes. La sobrecarga cognitiva se produce cuando una tarea requiere más carga cognitiva de la que puedes sostener. Muchos factores determinan cuánta carga cognitiva puedes sostener antes de llegar a la sobrecarga cognitiva, como la complejidad de la tarea y factores externos como el malestar físico y el estrés crónico. Las discapacidades como la ansiedad y el trastorno de estrés postraumático también pueden disminuir tu carga cognitiva disponible.

Hola, mi nombre es Abby y hoy quiero hablarles sobre la carga cognitiva y su entorno de desarrollo. Tengo un blog que tiene toda la información de esta charla y más, así que si buscan más información sobre algo que digo, como la documentation o simplemente más detalles, probablemente esté en el blog, así como también cómo las personas que estudian esto lo aplican en la vida cotidiana y más.

Así que tengo el código QR aquí con el enlace a las diapositivas y también lo dejaré en el Discord durante la sesión de preguntas y respuestas.

Entonces, ¿qué es la cognición o lo cognitivo? Estas son palabras elegantes para el pensamiento. Cognición es el sustantivo y cognitivo es el adjetivo. Por lo tanto, la carga cognitiva es básicamente tu carga de pensamiento. En otras palabras, la cantidad de memoria disponible y los recursos cognitivos que tienes. En otras palabras, solo puedes pensar en tantas cosas a la vez y solo puedes recordar tantas cosas a la vez. La carga cognitiva también es el término para la cantidad de memoria y recursos cognitivos que una tarea requiere porque en psicología no podemos hacer las cosas fáciles.

Por otro lado, la sobrecarga cognitiva se produce cuando una tarea o tareas requieren más carga cognitiva de la que puedes sostener. Probablemente estés pensando, wow, esto es un montón de términos elegantes, pero probablemente estés familiarizado con la sensación, que es cuando reproduzco este video durante unos 40 segundos de notificaciones constantes. Después de escuchar todas esas notificaciones constantes, es posible que te estés preguntando cosas como, ¿a qué notificación debería responder primero? ¿Cómo voy a desglosar todas esas notificaciones para saber qué necesito responder? Y esas son las preguntas que comienzas a hacerte cuando entras en la sobrecarga cognitiva.

Muchos factores determinan cuánta carga cognitiva puedes sostener antes de llegar a la sobrecarga cognitiva. Los aspectos de la tarea misma afectan cuánta carga cognitiva requiere una tarea. Entonces, cuánto tiempo tienes que concentrarte, la forma en que se te presenta la información, la cantidad de información y la complejidad de la información misma van a determinar cuánta carga cognitiva requiere una tarea. Los factores externos afectan la carga cognitiva que está disponible para ti. La falta de recursos físicos. Si necesitas comida, sueño, agua, probablemente estarás dedicando al menos una parte de tus recursos cognitivos a obtener esas cosas en lugar de dedicar toda tu carga cognitiva a la tarea en cuestión. La incomodidad física como el dolor. Muy similar. Si estás en dolor, probablemente estés pensando en eso, lo que significa que esos recursos no son recursos que puedes dedicar a la tarea en cuestión. Las emociones, por otro lado, la relación es muy compleja. Todos tenemos ese compañero de trabajo que ama el desarrollo impulsado por el rencor y tenemos al compañero de trabajo que solo puede concentrarse y profundizar cuando todo está tranquilo y pacífico. El estrés crónico, por otro lado, sabemos que disminuye tu carga cognitiva disponible. Entonces, si has estado estresado durante varias semanas, es posible que notes que es un poco más difícil pensar, un poco más difícil profundizar en los problemas, y eso se debe a que tu estrés está afectando tu carga cognitiva disponible. Las discapacidades pueden disminuir tu carga cognitiva disponible. La ansiedad, básicamente estrés crónico. El trastorno de estrés postraumático, también estrés crónico. Pero el TEPT tiene síntomas que te sacarán del momento presente. Tendrás que dedicar toda tu carga cognitiva a lidiar con ellos, lo que dificulta la realización de tareas triviales.

2. Tipos de Carga Cognitiva

Short description:

El dolor crónico, la demencia, el Alzheimer, la amnesia, el trastorno del procesamiento sensorial, la dislexia, la lesión cerebral traumática, la función ejecutiva y el trastorno del espectro autista afectan la carga cognitiva de diferentes maneras.

El dolor crónico, otro tipo de estrés crónico, pero tus nervios estarán enviando sensaciones en las que casi seguro tendrás que concentrarte. Por lo tanto, el dolor crónico, con el tiempo, disminuirá tu carga cognitiva disponible, al igual que el estrés crónico.

La demencia, el Alzheimer y la amnesia afectan a tu memoria. Si tienes menos memoria para usar, entonces tienes menos carga cognitiva disponible. Las discapacidades también pueden aumentar la cantidad de carga cognitiva que requiere una tarea. Por ejemplo, el trastorno del procesamiento sensorial. Yo tengo un trastorno del procesamiento sensorial auditivo. Así que si las personas me hablan, generalmente estoy unos segundos atrás. Me lleva un poco más de tiempo y recursos cognitivos entender lo que las personas están diciendo. Y ese requisito solo aumenta cuanto más personas están hablando al mismo tiempo.

Un trastorno de aprendizaje como la dislexia, por otro lado, una persona con dislexia preferiría que le hablen en lugar de leer algo en texto, ya que leerlo requeriría más carga cognitiva que escucharlo en voz alta, por eso muchas personas con dislexia usan un lector de pantalla para navegar por los sitios web. Pueden procesar esa información mucho más rápido. Algunas discapacidades disminuyen tu carga cognitiva disponible y aumentan la carga cognitiva que requieren las tareas.

Una lesión cerebral traumática realmente depende de qué parte de tu cerebro esté afectada. Si es tu centro de procesamiento del lenguaje, probablemente se presente de manera similar a un trastorno del procesamiento auditivo. Si es la parte de tu cerebro que te permite llevar un seguimiento del tiempo, entonces las tareas que requieren llevar un seguimiento del tiempo requerirán más recursos cognitivos. Si la parte de tu cerebro que controla la función ejecutiva, que es la parte frontal grande, está afectada, entonces tu capacidad para planificar, controlar tus impulsos y dirigir tu atención serán las cosas que se verán afectadas, por eso el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es el peor nombre posible para este trastorno. Tengo mucha atención.

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Rodrigo Donini
2 authors
¿Te gustaría perseguir tus pasiones y tener más control sobre tu carrera? ¿Te gustaría tener flexibilidad de horario y ubicación y variedad de proyectos? ¿Te gustaría tener la estabilidad de trabajar a tiempo completo y recibir un pago constante? Miles de empresas han adoptado el trabajo remoto y se dan cuenta de que tienen acceso a un grupo de talentos global. Esto es ventajoso para cualquier persona que haya considerado o esté considerando trabajar como freelance.>> Envía tu interés en convertirte en un ingeniero freelance con Toptal y recibir una llamada de un especialista en adquisición de talento <<

El trabajo freelance ya no es una elección de carrera inestable.

Este masterclass te ayudará a diseñar una carrera de freelance a tiempo completo (o parcial) sostenible y rentable. Te daremos herramientas, consejos, mejores prácticas y te ayudaremos a evitar errores comunes.
Tabla de contenidos

Módulo 1: Desmitificando los mitos comunes sobre el trabajo freelance
Módulo 2: ¿Cómo se ve el trabajo freelance en 2021 y más allá?
Módulo 3: Elecciones freelance y qué buscar (y qué evitar)
Módulo 4: Beneficios del trabajo freelance desde la perspectiva de un freelancer + estudio de caso
DESCANSO
Módulo 6: Cómo comenzar a trabajar como freelance (experiencia, currículum, preparación)
Módulo 7: Caminos comunes hacia el trabajo freelance a tiempo completo
Módulo 8: Aspectos esenciales: establecer tu tarifa y conseguir trabajo
Módulo 9: Próximos pasos: establecer contactos con colegas, mejorar tus habilidades, cambiar el mundo
Módulo 10: Preguntas y respuestas con freelancers
Aterrizando tu Próximo Trabajo de Desarrollador
React Summit Remote Edition 2021React Summit Remote Edition 2021
121 min
Aterrizando tu Próximo Trabajo de Desarrollador
WorkshopFree
Sadek Drobi
Nouha Chhih
Francois Bohyn
3 authors
Renaud Bressant (Jefe de Producto), Nathanael Lamellière (Jefe de Éxito del Cliente e Ingeniero de Soluciones), Nouha Chhih (Gerente de Experiencia del Desarrollador) estarán analizando los diferentes trabajos de desarrollador que puedes encontrar al buscar tu próximo rol de desarrollador. Explicaremos los detalles de cada rol para ayudarte a identificar cuál podría ser tu próximo movimiento. También compartiremos consejos para ayudarte a navegar por el proceso de contratación, basados en los diferentes roles para los que hemos entrevistado como reclutadores, pero también como candidatos. Esta será más bien una sesión de Pregúntanos lo que quieras, así que no dudes en compartir tus pensamientos y preguntas durante la sesión.
Fuera de la sartén, al fuego: Guía para gerentes sobre cómo ayudar a los nuevos desarrolladores a prosperar
TechLead Conference 2024TechLead Conference 2024
35 min
Fuera de la sartén, al fuego: Guía para gerentes sobre cómo ayudar a los nuevos desarrolladores a prosperar
Workshop
Andrew Coleburn
Andrew Coleburn
Integrarse a un nuevo proyecto puede ser difícil, sin importar tu experiencia y antecedentes. Pero puede ser especialmente desafiante para los nuevos desarrolladores recién salidos de la escuela o de un bootcamp de programación. Basándose en su experiencia personal como graduado de un bootcamp y consultor de JavaScript, esta charla discutirá consejos y estrategias para que los gerentes ayuden a los nuevos desarrolladores de sus equipos a familiarizarse con un código desconocido, para que puedan tener un impacto más rápido y efectivo.