Front-End Observability Explained

Introduction to Front-End Observability

Front-end development holds a unique set of challenges, especially in the realm of web applications where user experience is paramount. Monitoring tools are crucial in this context, and developers often rely on synthetic monitoring and real user monitoring (RUM) as their primary tools. However, these tools come with limitations. Synthetic monitoring simulates user interactions but fails to capture the unpredictability of real user behavior. On the other hand, RUM provides insights into actual user interactions but poses challenges in terms of context and integration.

The advancement of web technology demands a shift from traditional monitoring techniques to a more integrated approach known as front-end observability. This approach emphasizes understanding not just what is happening within an application, but why it occurs. Observability aims to bridge the gap between front-end and back-end processes, enhancing the overall developer experience and user satisfaction.

Synthetic vs. Real User Monitoring

Synthetic monitoring offers a controlled environment to simulate user actions such as clicking buttons or loading pages. While it provides a baseline for performance, it cannot mimic the myriad ways users interact with applications. Users may operate under varying network conditions or use different browsers, leading to experiences synthetic tests cannot predict.

In contrast, RUM tracks actual user interactions, offering insights into real-world usage patterns. It collects data on page load times, network performance, and device types. This data is invaluable for identifying regional performance issues or device-specific errors. However, RUM's high-level overview often lacks the depth needed to pinpoint root causes of issues. Moreover, integrating RUM agents can sometimes introduce conflicts with existing site scripts.

The Challenges of Real User Monitoring

RUM faces several challenges that limit its effectiveness. First, while it provides a broad overview, it often falls short in delivering the detailed context necessary for deep analysis. Developers must often juggle multiple tools to piece together a complete picture, making the process time-consuming and costly.

Additionally, RUM agents can disrupt site scripts, potentially becoming a source of user complaints themselves. Long session durations also pose a problem, as data from extended sessions can become unwieldy and difficult to interpret. These challenges highlight the need for a more comprehensive approach to monitoring user interactions.

The Role of Context in Observability

Observability in front-end development centers around the principle that context is crucial. By leveraging contextual data, developers can move beyond simply monitoring applications to understanding the nuances of user interactions. This understanding enables them to identify and resolve issues more effectively.

Front-end observability allows developers to drill down into specific user sessions, analyzing events like errors, slowdowns, or content loading issues. By pinpointing which parts of the code are causing problems, developers gain a clearer understanding of the user journey and can make more informed decisions to enhance performance.

Moving from Monitoring to Observability

Observability marks a significant shift from traditional monitoring methods. It provides a holistic view of the application, integrating front-end and back-end processes to offer a comprehensive understanding of user interactions. By correlating front-end activities with back-end traces, developers can see how changes in one area impact the other.

This integrated approach fosters collaboration between front-end and back-end teams, breaking down silos and promoting a shared responsibility for the user experience. It helps teams move from reactive debugging to proactive optimization, ultimately creating more resilient systems.

The Evolving Role of Front-End Developers

The evolution of the web has transformed the role of front-end developers. Once considered a simpler aspect of development, front-end work now involves managing complex architectures and ensuring seamless user experiences. This transformation has necessitated a shift towards observability as a mindset, not just a toolset.

Adopting observability as a cultural practice within organizations allows developers to better understand and serve their users. By gaining insights into both front-end and back-end processes, developers can enhance the overall user experience and contribute to the success of the product.

Conclusion: Embracing Observability

Front-end observability represents a crucial advancement in understanding user interactions and improving application performance. By integrating context and breaking down barriers between front-end and back-end processes, observability provides developers with the tools they need to optimize user experiences proactively. As the web continues to evolve, embracing observability as a cultural practice will be essential for developers to meet the demands of modern applications and deliver exceptional user experiences.

Watch full talk with demos and examples:

Watch video on a separate page
Rate this content
Bookmark

This talk has been presented at JSNation US 2024, check out the latest edition of this JavaScript Conference.

FAQ

The main takeaway is to rethink observability as a mindset, not just a toolset, and to embrace it as a shared responsibility among engineering teams to enhance user experience and system resilience.

The focus of Yash Varma's recent talk is 'Observability Matters, this time for frontend,' where he discusses the importance of observability in frontend development.

Frontend observability is important because it helps developers understand user interactions and performance issues in real-time, ensuring a better user experience and business outcomes.

Challenges of frontend development include managing complex user interfaces, handling user feedback, and dealing with unexpected issues caused by browser extensions and user behaviors.

Common tools for frontend monitoring include synthetic monitoring for controlled experiments and real user monitoring (RUM) to track actual user interactions and performance.

Synthetic monitoring involves controlled tests to simulate user interactions, while real user monitoring tracks actual user interactions to provide insights into real-world user experiences.

Yash Varma suggests adopting observability as a culture within organizations, breaking down silos between frontend and backend teams to improve overall system resilience.

Yash Varma uses the analogy of a noisy PC fan to explain observability, where the external noise indicates an internal issue like high GPU usage, similar to understanding system behavior through output observations.

Yash Varma is a software engineer and computer researcher who specializes in observability, covering everything from backend performance to databases, and frontend development.

OpenTelemetry is a project under the CNCF (Cloud Native Computing Foundation) that aims to create a vendor-neutral observability framework for logs, metrics, traces, and other signals.

Yash Verma
Yash Verma
24 min
21 Nov, 2024

Comments

Sign in or register to post your comment.

Check out more articles and videos

We constantly think of articles and videos that might spark Git people interest / skill us up or help building a stellar career

A Guide to React Rendering Behavior
React Advanced 2022React Advanced 2022
25 min
A Guide to React Rendering Behavior
Top Content
This transcription provides a brief guide to React rendering behavior. It explains the process of rendering, comparing new and old elements, and the importance of pure rendering without side effects. It also covers topics such as batching and double rendering, optimizing rendering and using context and Redux in React. Overall, it offers valuable insights for developers looking to understand and optimize React rendering.
Speeding Up Your React App With Less JavaScript
React Summit 2023React Summit 2023
32 min
Speeding Up Your React App With Less JavaScript
Top Content
Watch video: Speeding Up Your React App With Less JavaScript
Mishko, the creator of Angular and AngularJS, discusses the challenges of website performance and JavaScript hydration. He explains the differences between client-side and server-side rendering and introduces Quik as a solution for efficient component hydration. Mishko demonstrates examples of state management and intercommunication using Quik. He highlights the performance benefits of using Quik with React and emphasizes the importance of reducing JavaScript size for better performance. Finally, he mentions the use of QUIC in both MPA and SPA applications for improved startup performance.
React Concurrency, Explained
React Summit 2023React Summit 2023
23 min
React Concurrency, Explained
Top Content
Watch video: React Concurrency, Explained
React 18's concurrent rendering, specifically the useTransition hook, optimizes app performance by allowing non-urgent updates to be processed without freezing the UI. However, there are drawbacks such as longer processing time for non-urgent updates and increased CPU usage. The useTransition hook works similarly to throttling or bouncing, making it useful for addressing performance issues caused by multiple small components. Libraries like React Query may require the use of alternative APIs to handle urgent and non-urgent updates effectively.
The Future of Performance Tooling
JSNation 2022JSNation 2022
21 min
The Future of Performance Tooling
Top Content
Today's Talk discusses the future of performance tooling, focusing on user-centric, actionable, and contextual approaches. The introduction highlights Adi Osmani's expertise in performance tools and his passion for DevTools features. The Talk explores the integration of user flows into DevTools and Lighthouse, enabling performance measurement and optimization. It also showcases the import/export feature for user flows and the collaboration potential with Lighthouse. The Talk further delves into the use of flows with other tools like web page test and Cypress, offering cross-browser testing capabilities. The actionable aspect emphasizes the importance of metrics like Interaction to Next Paint and Total Blocking Time, as well as the improvements in Lighthouse and performance debugging tools. Lastly, the Talk emphasizes the iterative nature of performance improvement and the user-centric, actionable, and contextual future of performance tooling.
Optimizing HTML5 Games: 10 Years of Learnings
JS GameDev Summit 2022JS GameDev Summit 2022
33 min
Optimizing HTML5 Games: 10 Years of Learnings
Top Content
Watch video: Optimizing HTML5 Games: 10 Years of Learnings
PlayCanvas is an open-source game engine used by game developers worldwide. Optimization is crucial for HTML5 games, focusing on load times and frame rate. Texture and mesh optimization can significantly reduce download sizes. GLTF and GLB formats offer smaller file sizes and faster parsing times. Compressing game resources and using efficient file formats can improve load times. Framerate optimization and resolution scaling are important for better performance. Managing draw calls and using batching techniques can optimize performance. Browser DevTools, such as Chrome and Firefox, are useful for debugging and profiling. Detecting device performance and optimizing based on specific devices can improve game performance. Apple is making progress with WebGPU implementation. HTML5 games can be shipped to the App Store using Cordova.
How React Compiler Performs on Real Code
React Advanced 2024React Advanced 2024
31 min
How React Compiler Performs on Real Code
Top Content
I'm Nadia, a developer experienced in performance, re-renders, and React. The React team released the React compiler, which eliminates the need for memoization. The compiler optimizes code by automatically memoizing components, props, and hook dependencies. It shows promise in managing changing references and improving performance. Real app testing and synthetic examples have been used to evaluate its effectiveness. The impact on initial load performance is minimal, but further investigation is needed for interactions performance. The React query library simplifies data fetching and caching. The compiler has limitations and may not catch every re-render, especially with external libraries. Enabling the compiler can improve performance but manual memorization is still necessary for optimal results. There are risks of overreliance and messy code, but the compiler can be used file by file or folder by folder with thorough testing. Practice makes incredible cats. Thank you, Nadia!

Workshops on related topic

React Performance Debugging Masterclass
React Summit 2023React Summit 2023
170 min
React Performance Debugging Masterclass
Top Content
Featured WorkshopFree
Ivan Akulov
Ivan Akulov
Ivan’s first attempts at performance debugging were chaotic. He would see a slow interaction, try a random optimization, see that it didn't help, and keep trying other optimizations until he found the right one (or gave up).
Back then, Ivan didn’t know how to use performance devtools well. He would do a recording in Chrome DevTools or React Profiler, poke around it, try clicking random things, and then close it in frustration a few minutes later. Now, Ivan knows exactly where and what to look for. And in this workshop, Ivan will teach you that too.
Here’s how this is going to work. We’ll take a slow app → debug it (using tools like Chrome DevTools, React Profiler, and why-did-you-render) → pinpoint the bottleneck → and then repeat, several times more. We won’t talk about the solutions (in 90% of the cases, it’s just the ol’ regular useMemo() or memo()). But we’ll talk about everything that comes before – and learn how to analyze any React performance problem, step by step.
(Note: This workshop is best suited for engineers who are already familiar with how useMemo() and memo() work – but want to get better at using the performance tools around React. Also, we’ll be covering interaction performance, not load speed, so you won’t hear a word about Lighthouse 🤐)
Building WebApps That Light Up the Internet with QwikCity
JSNation 2023JSNation 2023
170 min
Building WebApps That Light Up the Internet with QwikCity
Featured WorkshopFree
Miško Hevery
Miško Hevery
Building instant-on web applications at scale have been elusive. Real-world sites need tracking, analytics, and complex user interfaces and interactions. We always start with the best intentions but end up with a less-than-ideal site.
QwikCity is a new meta-framework that allows you to build large-scale applications with constant startup-up performance. We will look at how to build a QwikCity application and what makes it unique. The workshop will show you how to set up a QwikCitp project. How routing works with layout. The demo application will fetch data and present it to the user in an editable form. And finally, how one can use authentication. All of the basic parts for any large-scale applications.
Along the way, we will also look at what makes Qwik unique, and how resumability enables constant startup performance no matter the application complexity.
Next.js 13: Data Fetching Strategies
React Day Berlin 2022React Day Berlin 2022
53 min
Next.js 13: Data Fetching Strategies
Top Content
WorkshopFree
Alice De Mauro
Alice De Mauro
- Introduction- Prerequisites for the workshop- Fetching strategies: fundamentals- Fetching strategies – hands-on: fetch API, cache (static VS dynamic), revalidate, suspense (parallel data fetching)- Test your build and serve it on Vercel- Future: Server components VS Client components- Workshop easter egg (unrelated to the topic, calling out accessibility)- Wrapping up
React Performance Debugging
React Advanced 2023React Advanced 2023
148 min
React Performance Debugging
Workshop
Ivan Akulov
Ivan Akulov
Ivan’s first attempts at performance debugging were chaotic. He would see a slow interaction, try a random optimization, see that it didn't help, and keep trying other optimizations until he found the right one (or gave up).
Back then, Ivan didn’t know how to use performance devtools well. He would do a recording in Chrome DevTools or React Profiler, poke around it, try clicking random things, and then close it in frustration a few minutes later. Now, Ivan knows exactly where and what to look for. And in this workshop, Ivan will teach you that too.
Here’s how this is going to work. We’ll take a slow app → debug it (using tools like Chrome DevTools, React Profiler, and why-did-you-render) → pinpoint the bottleneck → and then repeat, several times more. We won’t talk about the solutions (in 90% of the cases, it’s just the ol’ regular useMemo() or memo()). But we’ll talk about everything that comes before – and learn how to analyze any React performance problem, step by step.
(Note: This workshop is best suited for engineers who are already familiar with how useMemo() and memo() work – but want to get better at using the performance tools around React. Also, we’ll be covering interaction performance, not load speed, so you won’t hear a word about Lighthouse 🤐)
High-performance Next.js
React Summit 2022React Summit 2022
50 min
High-performance Next.js
Workshop
Michele Riva
Michele Riva
Next.js is a compelling framework that makes many tasks effortless by providing many out-of-the-box solutions. But as soon as our app needs to scale, it is essential to maintain high performance without compromising maintenance and server costs. In this workshop, we will see how to analyze Next.js performances, resources usage, how to scale it, and how to make the right decisions while writing the application architecture.
Maximize App Performance by Optimizing Web Fonts
Vue.js London 2023Vue.js London 2023
49 min
Maximize App Performance by Optimizing Web Fonts
WorkshopFree
Lazar Nikolov
Lazar Nikolov
You've just landed on a web page and you try to click a certain element, but just before you do, an ad loads on top of it and you end up clicking that thing instead.
That…that’s a layout shift. Everyone, developers and users alike, know that layout shifts are bad. And the later they happen, the more disruptive they are to users. In this workshop we're going to look into how web fonts cause layout shifts and explore a few strategies of loading web fonts without causing big layout shifts.
Table of Contents:What’s CLS and how it’s calculated?How fonts can cause CLS?Font loading strategies for minimizing CLSRecap and conclusion